原文

龙母温夫人者，晋康程水人也。秦始皇尝遣使尽礼致聘，将纳夫人后宫，夫人不乐。使者敦迫上道，行至始安，一夕龙引所乘船还程水，使者复往，龙复引船以归。夫人没，葬西源上，龙尝为大波，萦浪转沙以成坟，会大风雨，墓移江北，每洪水淹没，四周皆浊，而近墓数尺独清。墓之南有山，天将雨，云气必先群山而出，树林阴翳，有数百年古木，人不敢伐，以夫人有神灵其间云。夫人姓蒲，误作温，然其墓当灵溪水口，灵溪一名温水，以夫人姓温故名。或曰，温者，媪之讹也。夫人故称蒲媪，又称媪龙。唐李绅诗；风水多虞祝媪龙，然媪非生龙者也。得大卵而畜之，龙子出焉。养之以饮食物，龙得长大，盖古之豢龙氏也。始皇以为神，遣使迎媪。以尝闻徐福言，海神之使者铜色而龙形，光上照天，意媪其同类也，求三神山患且至，船风辄引而去，岂亦龙之所为耶。

白话

中文

龙母温夫人，是晋代康县程水（今广东德庆一带）人。秦始皇曾经派遣使者，以非常隆重的礼节前来聘娶，想要将她纳入后宫，但夫人不愿意。使者强迫她上路，走到始安（今广西桂林一带）时，一夜之间有龙将她乘坐的船拉回了程水。使者再次前往（强迫她动身），龙又把船拉了回来。夫人去世后，葬在西江上游。龙曾经掀起巨浪，盘旋水波、搬运泥沙为她堆成坟墓。后来遇到大风雨，坟墓被移到了江的北岸。每当洪水泛滥，周围的水都变得浑浊，只有靠近坟墓的几尺范围内的水依然清澈。墓地的南面有座山，将要下雨时，云气必定先从这座山升起。山中树林茂密，有几百年的古树，人们不敢砍伐，因为传说夫人的神灵就在其中。夫人本姓蒲，被误传为姓温。然而她的墓正好在灵溪的入口处，灵溪又叫温水，（有人说）是因为夫人姓温才这样命名的。也有人说，“温”是“媪”（老妇人）的误传。所以夫人本被称为“蒲媪”，又称“媪龙”。唐代李绅的诗写道：“风水多虞祝媪龙”，但这位“媪”并非生下了龙，而是捡到了大龙蛋并养育它们，小龙从中孵出。她用食物饮水喂养，龙得以长大，大概就像古代传说中的豢龙氏一样。秦始皇认为她是神人，派使者去迎接这位“媪”。因为（秦始皇）曾听徐福说，海神的使者是铜身龙形，光芒能照亮天空，（始皇）心想这位“媪”大概是同类神人。（秦始皇自己）寻求三神山时屡遭挫折，船只总被风浪引开，难道也是龙所做的吗？

英文

The Dragon Mother, Lady Wen, was a native of Chengshui, Kang County (modern Deqing area, Guangdong) during the Jin Dynasty. Qin Shi Huang once dispatched envoys with great ceremony to propose marriage, intending to take her into his imperial harem, but the Lady was unwilling. The envoys forced her to set out. When they reached Shian (modern Guilin area, Guangxi), dragons pulled her boat back to Chengshui overnight. The envoys went again (to force her departure), and dragons pulled the boat back again. After the Lady passed away, she was buried upstream on the Xi River. Dragons once created great waves, swirling the water and moving sand to build her tomb. Later, during a great storm, the tomb was moved to the north bank of the river. Whenever floods occur, the surrounding waters become turbid, but the water within a few feet of the tomb remains clear. South of the tomb, there is a mountain from which clouds always rise first before rain. The mountain has dense forests with ancient trees several hundred years old, which people dare not cut down, believing the Lady's spirit resides there. The Lady's surname was actually Pu, mistakenly recorded as Wen. However, her tomb is located at the mouth of Ling Creek (Spirit Creek), which is also called Wen Shui (Wen Water), (some say) named after the Lady's supposed surname Wen. Others say "Wen" is a corruption of "Ao" (old woman). Thus, the Lady was originally called "Pu Ao" (Old Woman Pu), and also "Ao Long" (Old Woman Dragon). The Tang poet Li Shen wrote: "Facing perilous winds and waters, pray to Ao Long". But this "Ao" did not give birth to dragons; rather, she found large dragon eggs and raised them, from which young dragons hatched. She fed them food and water, and the dragons grew large, much like the legendary dragon tamers (Huanlong Shi) of antiquity. Qin Shi Huang considered her divine and sent envoys to welcome this "Ao". Because (Qin Shi Huang) had heard from Xu Fu that the messengers of the Sea God had bronze bodies and dragon shapes, with light shining up to the sky, (Shi Huang) thought this "Ao" might be a similar deity. (Qin Shi Huang himself) faced setbacks when seeking the three mythical spirit mountains, his ships often being blown away by wind and waves – could this also have been the work of dragons?

文化解读/分析

本条目记述了岭南地区广泛崇拜的“龙母”传说。屈大均首先介绍了龙母的基本信息（晋代、程水人、姓氏争议），并着重叙述了其与秦始皇相关的传说，如拒婚、龙助返乡等，这无疑提升了龙母的神格和地方认同感，将其纳入了宏大的历史叙事中。随后描述的龙助筑坟、墓地风水及水异等奇迹，进一步强化了龙母的神异色彩，解释了其墓地（今德庆悦城龙母祖庙所在地）成为圣地的原因。屈大均还考证了“温”姓与“蒲”姓、“媪”称谓的流变，引用唐诗证明“媪龙”称呼的古老，并解释龙母并非“生”龙，而是“养”龙，将其类比为古代的“豢龙氏”，试图为神话传说提供更“合理”的解释。文末再次联系秦始皇求仙及徐福出海的传说，暗示龙母（及其龙子）具有强大的神力，能影响国家层面的大事。此记载不仅保存了珍贵的龙母信仰资料，反映了岭南独特的水神崇拜和龙图腾文化，也体现了作者试图整合历史记载、民间传说、姓氏考据和神话解释的努力，展示了清初文人对地方神祇信仰的关注与诠释方式。

关键词

龙母、温氏、蒲氏、媪龙、晋代、秦始皇、程水、德庆、悦城龙母祖庙、广东新语、屈大均、神话传说、民间信仰、水神、龙崇拜、豢龙氏、徐福、岭南文化