原文

韩瑗，南海人，唐显庆中为宰相，谏废王皇后立武昭仪，高宗大怒。褚遂良又谏被贬，瑗救之，许敬宗、李义府因诬瑗不轨，贬海南卒。广人为宰相自瑗始。其直谏不回，盖古大臣之谊。张九龄继之，卓识风度，远迈姚、宋。天下称曲江公而不名，而瑗也实开其先。故称曲江者，当先称瑗。曲江县当有唐时，三百年而有张文献，又宋三百年而有余襄公，其忠言大节，不一而足。而谏用牛仙客，安太子瑛，诛安禄山，留范希文，排张尧佐，尤为治乱所关。三言不用而二言用，天宝之败，庆历之隆，夫岂适然而已哉。

白话

中文

韩瑗是南海（今广东南海区一带）人，唐高宗显庆（656-661年）年间担任宰相。他劝谏唐高宗不要废黜王皇后而册立武昭仪（即后来的武则天），高宗因此大怒。褚遂良也因为进谏而被贬官，韩瑗出手援救他，结果许敬宗、李义府等人趁机诬陷韩瑗图谋不轨，韩瑗因此被贬到海南并在那里去世。广东人担任宰相是从韩瑗开始的。他那种正直敢言、毫不退缩的品格，正是古代大臣应有的节操。在他之后有张九龄，其卓越的见识和气度，远超过姚崇、宋璟。天下人都尊称张九龄为“曲江公”而不直呼其名，但实际上韩瑗是开创这一先河的人。所以，在称颂曲江公张九龄的时候，应当先称颂韩瑗。曲江县（今广东韶关市附近）在唐代，（大约）三百年后出了张文献公（张九龄），又过了（大约）宋代的三百年后出了余襄公（余靖），他们忠诚的言论和高尚的节操，都非常多。而（张九龄）反对任用牛仙客、安定太子李瑛、（提醒警惕）安禄山，（余靖）主张留用范希文（范仲淹）、排斥张尧佐等建议，尤其关系到国家的治乱兴衰。（这五项建议中）有三项没有被采纳，而有两项被采纳了，（最终导致了）天宝年间的衰败和庆历年间的兴盛，这难道是偶然的吗？

英文

Han Yuan was a native of Nanhai (around modern Nanhai District, Guangdong). During the Xianqing era (656–661 AD) of Emperor Gaozong's reign in the Tang Dynasty, he served as Chancellor (Zaixiang). He advised Emperor Gaozong against deposing Empress Wang and installing Lady Wu (later Wu Zetian) as Zhaoyi (a consort rank), which greatly angered the emperor. When Chu Suiliang was also demoted for offering similar advice, Han Yuan tried to help him. Consequently, Xu Jingzong and Li Yifu seized the opportunity to falsely accuse Han Yuan of treason. Han Yuan was then demoted to Hainan, where he eventually died. He was the first person from Guangdong (Guang) to become a Chancellor. His character of offering straightforward remonstrance without flinching embodied the integrity expected of great ministers of antiquity. Following him was Zhang Jiuling, whose outstanding insight and demeanor far surpassed those of Yao Chong and Song Jing. People throughout the empire respectfully referred to Zhang Jiuling as "Duke of Qujiang" instead of using his name, but it was actually Han Yuan who pioneered this path. Therefore, when praising the Duke of Qujiang (Zhang Jiuling), one should praise Han Yuan first. In Qujiang County (near modern Shaoguan City, Guangdong), during the Tang Dynasty, after approximately three hundred years, Zhang Wenxian Gong (Zhang Jiuling) emerged. Then, after approximately another three hundred years during the Song Dynasty, Duke Xiang of Yu (Yu Jing) emerged. Their loyal words and great integrity were numerous. Zhang Jiuling's advice against appointing Niu Xianke, stabilizing Crown Prince Li Ying, and warning against An Lushan, as well as Yu Jing's advocacy for retaining Fan Xiwen (Fan Zhongyan) and opposing Zhang Yaozuo, were particularly crucial concerning the order and chaos of the state. Of these five pieces of advice, three were not adopted while two were. The subsequent decline during the Tianbao era (when Zhang's advice was largely ignored) and the prosperity during the Qingli era (when Yu's advice was followed) – how could these outcomes be mere coincidence?

文化解读/分析

本条目记述了唐代南海人韩瑗的事迹，其文化意义和价值主要体现在：

1. 开创性意义与地方自豪感：明确指出韩瑗是“广人为宰相自瑗始”，强调了广东地区在中国政治史上地位的提升。这对于增强地方认同感和文化自豪感具有重要意义，打破了岭南长期被视为边缘地带的印象。
2. 推崇儒家“直谏”精神：重点突出了韩瑗因直言进谏（反对废王立武）而触怒皇帝、最终被贬身死的遭遇。作者赞扬其“直谏不回，盖古大臣之谊”，将其树立为坚守儒家忠臣气节的典范，弘扬了不畏强权、坚持原则的政治伦理。
3. 构建岭南贤臣谱系：将韩瑗视为先驱，开启了岭南士人入仕中央并展现风骨的传统。屈大均将他与后来的张九龄（曲江公）、余靖（余襄公）并列，构建了一个跨越唐宋两代、以“忠言大节”为核心特征的岭南贤臣谱系（韩瑗 -> 张九龄 -> 余靖）。这种叙事方式意在证明岭南人才辈出，且一脉相承。
4. 强调谏言对国运的影响：通过列举张九龄和余靖的关键谏言及其被采纳与否的后果（“三言不用而二言用”），将个人行为与国家治乱兴衰直接联系起来，论证了“天宝之败”与“庆历之隆”并非偶然，而是忠臣谏言是否被听取的结果。这体现了中国传统史学中常见的“史以为鉴”思想，强调了君主纳谏的重要性。
5. 屈大均的编纂意图：收录韩瑗并将其置于张九龄之前的显要位置，体现了屈大均发掘和表彰广东先贤、重塑地方历史叙事的努力。通过强调韩瑗的开创性贡献和高尚品格，为岭南文化增添了厚重感，并将其融入了中国主流的儒家价值观体系。

关键词

韩瑗、南海、广东、唐朝、宰相、显庆、唐高宗、王皇后、武则天、武昭仪、褚遂良、许敬宗、李义府、直谏、忠臣、张九龄、曲江公、余靖、余襄公、宋朝、牛仙客、太子瑛、安禄山、范仲淹、范希文、张尧佐、天宝、庆历、岭南文化、地方史、屈大均、广东新语、神语