原文

聂娘，增城人，崇祯庚午，贼于增江口掠得之，戏谓基眉未婉。聂娘从容语曰：“女醮始妇眉，若欲婉，请假我刀。”刀得而刎。黎美周作《聂娘婉眉歌》有云：“丈夫髭髯愧如此，半尺垂虬掀不起。紫石棱棱婉婉尔，翠蛾如铁真男子。”又云：“人生安能知死期，沙场血战吾当为。借娘眉锋不斩贼，先斩偷生巾帼儿。”

白话

中文

聂娘是广东增城县人。明朝崇祯庚午年（1630年），她在增江口被贼寇掳掠。贼寇戏弄她说她的眉毛还没有修饰好（意指未嫁或年幼）。聂娘镇定地回答说：“女子出嫁时才修饰象征妇人的眉毛。如果你们想要（看到）修饰好的眉毛，请借给我一把刀。”拿到刀后，她便用刀自刎了。黎美周为此作了一首《聂娘婉眉歌》，诗中说道：“（相比之下）那些长着胡须的男子汉应该感到羞愧，半尺长的胡须也无法展现出（聂娘那样的）气概。紫色的磨刀石棱角分明，而你（聂娘）却如此刚烈又从容；你那如翠玉般的眉毛（实则）坚硬如铁，（你）真是一位有丈夫气概的女子。”诗中又说：“人生在世谁能预知自己的死期呢？在沙场上浴血奋战本应是我（男子）所为。借聂娘您那眉宇间的锋芒锐气，即使不能斩杀贼寇，也要先斩杀那些苟且偷生的懦夫（诗中以‘巾帼儿’反讽）。”

英文

Nie Niang was a native of Zengcheng County, Guangdong. In the Gengwu year of the Chongzhen era (1630 AD) during the Ming Dynasty, she was captured by bandits at the mouth of the Zeng River. The bandits mocked her, saying her eyebrows were not yet properly shaped (implying she was unmarried or young). Nie Niang calmly replied, "A woman shapes her eyebrows into a married woman's style only upon marriage. If you wish to see them shaped, please lend me a knife." After receiving the knife, she used it to cut her own throat. Li Meizhou wrote a poem titled "Song of Nie Niang Shaping Her Eyebrows" in her honor, which includes the lines: "Men with beards should feel ashamed compared to this; their half-foot long whiskers cannot display such spirit. Purple whetstones are sharp-edged, yet you (Nie Niang) were so resolute and composed; your jade-green eyebrows were (in truth) hard as iron, (you were) truly a woman with the spirit of a man." The poem also says: "How can anyone predict their time of death in life? Fighting bloody battles on the field should be my (a man's) duty. Borrowing the sharp spirit from the lady's brow, if not to slay the bandits, then first slay those cowardly men (contemptuously referred to as 'kerchiefed children') who cling shamefully to life."

文化解读/分析

聂娘的故事是明末清初社会动荡背景下，女性刚烈、守节、反抗暴力的典型事例。在传统儒家伦理观念中，女性的贞洁被视为极其重要的品质。“眉未婉”的戏谑不仅是对聂娘年幼或未嫁状态的调侃，更可能带有侮辱和侵犯的意图。聂娘的回应“女醮始妇眉”强调了婚姻的严肃性和女性的尊严，而“请假我刀”则是一种决绝的反抗，她以死明志，维护了自身的贞洁和人格。她借修眉之名，行殉节之实，展现了非凡的勇气和智慧。

黎美周的《聂娘婉眉歌》不仅是对聂娘事迹的歌颂，也反映了当时文人对这种“贞烈”行为的推崇。诗歌通过对比（“丈夫髭髯愧如此”、“翠蛾如铁真男子”），将聂娘的刚烈气概置于懦弱的男性之上，这既是对聂娘的极高赞誉，也可能隐含着对当时社会男性缺乏担当、世风日下的批判。诗中“借娘眉锋不斩贼，先斩偷生巾帼儿”一句，更是将聂娘的“眉锋”（精神力量）提升到可以惩戒懦夫的高度，具有强烈的象征意义和道德批判色彩。“婉眉”一词在此被赋予了超越外貌修饰的深刻内涵，象征着以生命维护尊严的决绝之美。

此条目体现了传统社会对女性“贞烈”品质的推崇，记录了乱世中个体生命的悲壮选择，并通过文人诗歌的传播，使其成为具有道德教化意义的文化符号。

关键词

聂娘, 增城, 崇祯, 贞烈, 殉节, 屈大均, 广东新语, 女语, 黎美周, 婉眉, 明末清初, 女性反抗