原文

杨太后陵，在厓山海滨。番禺张诩铭云：“朝闽夕广，提二弱孤。依臣张陆，为宗社图。所奔波者，赵氏块肉。今则亡矣，伊畴之属。茫茫大海，履之若无。止见仁义，不见其躯。曹娥死孝，贞义死信。惟后死之，仁至义尽。山陵峨峨，尺土孔多。六鳌擎负，毋使随波。”布政使刘大夏尝过慈元陵，泫然曰：后死国而弗祀，义弗称。谋立庙厓门之上，人感其意，不日而就，是为全节庙。

白话

中文

杨太后的陵墓（象征性的），位于厓山的海边。番禺人张诩曾为她作铭文说：“（杨太后）早上还在福建，晚上就到了广东，扶持着（端宗、帝昺）两位年幼无助的孤主。依靠着大臣张世杰、陆秀夫等人，为赵氏江山社稷而奔走图谋。她所为之奔波劳碌的，正是赵家的骨肉血脉（指两位小皇帝）。如今（南宋）已经灭亡了，他们又能归属于谁呢？茫茫的大海，投身其中就如同消失于无形。只见她的仁义精神永存，却不见她的身躯。古代的曹娥为孝而死，贞义（古代烈女名）为信而死。而杨太后为国殉难，可以说是仁德和道义都达到了极致。象征性的陵墓高高耸立，（哪怕只有）一尺土地也意义重大。（希望）有六只巨鳌在下面擎着它，不要让它随着波涛漂流而去。”（明代）布政使刘大夏曾经经过慈元陵（杨太后的陵号）时，流着泪说：太后为国殉难却没有得到祭祀，这在道义上是不相称的。于是他倡议在厓门之上建立庙宇来纪念她，人们被他的心意所感动，（建庙之事）没过多少天就完成了，这就是全节庙。

英文

Empress Dowager Yang's Mausoleum (symbolic) is located by the seaside at Yaishan. Zhang Xu of Panyu wrote an inscription for her, saying: "From Fujian in the morning to Guangdong in the evening, supporting two weak orphans (Emperors Duanzong and Bing). Relying on ministers Zhang (Shijie) and Lu (Xiufu), striving for the dynasty's survival. For whom she tirelessly toiled were the flesh and blood of the Zhao clan (the two young emperors). Now that (the Southern Song) has perished, to whom do they belong? The vast ocean, stepping into it is like vanishing into nothingness. Only her righteousness and benevolence are seen, not her physical body. Cao E died for filial piety, Zhen Yi died for faithfulness. The Empress Dowager's death fulfilled both benevolence and righteousness to the utmost. May the symbolic mausoleum stand tall; even a foot of earth is significant. May six giant Ao turtles support it beneath, preventing it from drifting with the waves." Provincial Administration Commissioner Liu Daxia once passed by Ciyuan Mausoleum (Empress Dowager Yang's posthumous mausoleum title) and tearfully remarked: 'The Empress Dowager died for the country yet receives no sacrifices; this is unjust.' He proposed building a temple above Ya Men in her honor. People were moved by his intention, and it was completed in a few days. This is the Quanjie Temple (Temple of Complete Integrity).

文化解读/分析

此条目记述了南宋末代皇太后杨氏（宋度宗之后，宋恭帝、宋端宗、宋末帝赵昺之母，实际是度宗的杨淑妃，宋亡后被尊为太后）殉国之事及其身后哀荣。

1. 历史背景与象征意义：杨太后陵并非实体墓葬，因杨太后在厓山海战后，听闻陆秀夫背负幼帝赵昺蹈海殉国，亦投海自尽，尸身未寻获。此“陵”设于厓山海滨，更多是对其忠烈精神的纪念象征。条目记载的地点（厓山海滨）是南宋最终覆亡的历史现场，具有强烈的悲剧色彩和历史警示意义。
2. 张诩铭文的价值：番禺人张诩所作铭文，高度概括了杨太后在南宋流亡朝廷最后岁月中的颠沛流离（“朝闽夕广”）、扶持幼主（“提二弱孤”）、倚靠忠臣（“依臣张陆”）以及最终为国尽忠的悲壮事迹。铭文将杨太后的殉国行为与古代着名的孝女曹娥、烈女贞义相提并论，将其提升到“仁至义尽”的道德高度。祈愿“六鳌擎负，毋使随波”则表达了后人希望其忠魂安息、精神永固的美好愿望，也反映了传统文化中对忠烈人物的敬仰。
3. 后世的纪念与评价：明代官员刘大夏过访慈元陵（杨太后陵）并倡建全节庙，体现了后世对杨太后忠贞气节的官方与民间认可。刘大夏认为“死国而弗祀，义弗称”，强调了为国牺牲者应获得相应祭祀与尊崇的传统伦理观念。全节庙的迅速建成，显示了杨太后的事迹在当地深入人心，其忠烈精神得到了广泛的社会认同。
4. 屈大均的视角：作为明末遗民，屈大均收录此条目，不仅在于记录广东地方史迹，更在于借南宋君臣的忠烈事迹，寄托其自身的家国情怀和对忠诚、气节等传统价值观的推崇。杨太后作为女性，在国难当头之际展现出的勇气和担当，尤为引人注目，丰富了忠烈叙事的维度。

关键词

杨太后陵, 慈元陵, 杨淑妃, 厓山, 厓山海战, 张诩, 刘大夏, 全节庙, 南宋, 宋末三帝, 殉国, 忠烈, 广东新语, 屈大均