原文
顺德有水乡曰陈村，周回四十余里，涌水通潮，纵横曲折，无有一园林不到。夹岸多水松，大者合抱，枝干低垂，时有绿烟郁勃而出。桥梁长短不一，处处相通，舟人者咫尺迷路，以为是也，而已隔花林数重矣。居人多以种龙眼为业，弥望无际，约有数十万株。荔支、柑、橙诸果，居其三四。比屋皆焙取荔支、龙眼为货，以致末富。又尝担负诸种花木分贩之，近者数十里，远者二三百里。他处欲种花木及荔支、龙眼、橄榄之属，率就陈村买秧，又必使其人手种搏接，其树乃生且茂。其法甚秘，故广州场师，以陈村人为最。又其水虽通海潮，而味淡有力，绍兴人以为似鉴湖之水也，移家就之，取作高头豆酒，岁售可数万瓮。他处酤家亦率来取水，以舟载之而归，予尝号其水曰"酿溪"。有口号云："龙眼离支十万株，清溪几道绕菰蒲。浙东酿酒人争至，此水皆言似鉴湖。"又云："渔舟曲折只穿花，溪上人多种树家。风土更饶南北估，荔支龙眼致豪华。"
白话
中文
顺德县有个水乡名叫陈村，方圆四十多里。河涌与潮水相通，水道纵横交错、弯弯曲曲，没有哪一处园林是水路到达不了的。河道两岸多是水松树，大的树干要几人才能合抱，枝干低垂，时常有浓密的绿意（像绿烟一样）蒸腾而出。各式长短不一的桥梁，处处连接相通。坐船的人有时近在咫尺却会迷失方向，以为走对了路，其实已经被重重叠叠的花木林隔开了。这里的居民大多以种植龙眼树为生，放眼望去一望无际，大约有几十万株。荔枝、柑、橙等果树也占了所有果树的三四成。家家户户都烘焙荔枝干、龙眼干作为商品出售，通过这种末业（商业）致富。他们还常常挑着各种花卉树木的秧苗到各处贩卖，近则走几十里，远则走到两三百里外。其他地方的人想要种植花木以及荔枝、龙眼、橄榄之类的果树，大多都到陈村购买秧苗，并且一定要请陈村人亲手种植和嫁接，这样种下的树才能成活并且长得茂盛。他们的方法非常保密，所以广州地区的园艺师（场师），都公认陈村人技术最好。另外，陈村的水虽然与海潮相通，但水味甘淡而有后劲（或指水质纯净有力），绍兴来的酿酒人认为它很像家乡鉴湖的水，于是搬家到这里，取用此水来酿造“高头豆酒”，每年可以卖出好几万瓮。其他地方的酿酒作坊也大多来这里取水，用船运回去。我（屈大均）曾经给这里的水取名叫“酿溪”。有两首顺口溜（口号）这样说：“龙眼荔枝何止十万株，几道清溪环绕着水边的菰蒲。浙江东边的酿酒人争相来到此地，都说这里的水质好比那鉴湖。”又说：“渔船弯弯曲曲只在花丛中穿行，溪水边的人家多是种植花木的农户。这里的风土物产吸引了南北客商，靠着荔枝龙眼就能过上富裕豪华的生活。”
英文
In Shunde County, there is a water town called Chen Village (Chencun), spanning over forty li in circumference. Its waterways connect with the tidal flows, crisscrossing in intricate patterns, reaching every single garden and orchard. Both banks are lined with numerous water pines (Shuisong, Glyptostrobus pensilis), the larger ones requiring several people to encircle their trunks. Their branches hang low, often exuding a dense, verdant mist. Bridges of varying lengths connect everywhere. Boatmen can sometimes get lost even when seemingly close to their destination, thinking they are on the right path, only to find themselves separated by layers of flowering groves. Most residents make a living by cultivating longan trees; looking out, they stretch endlessly, numbering approximately several hundred thousand. Lychee, mandarin orange, and orange trees account for about thirty to forty percent of all fruit trees. Nearly every household dries lychees and longans to sell as commodities, achieving wealth through this trade ("secondary occupation"). They also often carry various flower and tree seedlings on shoulder poles to sell elsewhere, traveling tens of li for nearby markets and two to three hundred li for distant ones. People from other places wanting to plant flowers, trees, or fruits like lychee, longan, and olive mostly buy seedlings from Chen Village. Moreover, they insist on having Chen Village locals plant and graft them by hand, as only then will the trees survive and flourish. Their techniques are kept very secret, which is why among the horticultural masters (Changshi) in the Guangzhou region, those from Chen Village are considered the best. Additionally, although its water connects to the sea tides, it tastes fresh and potent (or pure and strong). Brewers from Shaoxing believe it resembles the water of their native Jian Lake, so they move their homes here to use it for brewing "Gaotou Doujiu" (a type of wine), selling tens of thousands of urns annually. Brewers from other places also frequently come here to fetch water, transporting it back by boat. I (Qu Dajun) once named this water "Niangxi" (Brewing Creek). There are two folk verses (kouhao) about it: "Hundreds of thousands of longan and lychee trees grow, clear streams wind around reeds and rushes. Brewers from east Zhejiang flock here eagerly, all say this water is like Jian Lake." And: "Fishing boats weave solely through flowers, families by the creek mostly cultivate trees. The local bounty attracts merchants from north and south, lychees and longans bring luxurious wealth."
文化解读/分析
此条目生动描绘了清初顺德陈村的水乡风貌、发达的特色农业经济和精湛的园艺技术，具有显著的文化和民俗价值：
- 岭南水乡文化：细致描述了陈村河网密布、水路纵横、桥梁处处、舟楫往来的典型水乡景观（“涌水通潮，纵横曲折，无有一园林不到”）。这种地理环境塑造了当地居民的生活方式、交通模式和村落形态，是珠江三角洲水乡文化的生动写照。
- 特色农业经济与区域品牌：陈村以大规模种植龙眼、荔枝等经济作物为主（“弥望无际，约有数十万株”），并发展出水果加工（焙干）和销售产业，形成区域性的经济支柱和品牌效应（“比屋皆焙取...为货，以致末富”）。这反映了明清时期珠三角商品经济的活跃和农业的专业化、市场化趋势。
- 精湛的民间园艺技术（场师文化）：特别强调了陈村人在花木、果树种植和嫁接方面的独特技艺（“必使其人手种搏接，其树乃生且茂”），及其技术的保密性（“其法甚秘”）和权威性（“广州场师，以陈村人为最”）。这不仅是一种重要的农业技术和生计手段，也形成了独特的“场师”群体和相关的技术传承、声誉体系，是岭南民俗文化和民间智慧的重要体现。陈村因此成为当时重要的种苗供应基地。
- 资源认知与利用创新：当地居民和外来者（绍兴酒商）敏锐地认识到陈村水质的独特性（“味淡有力，似鉴湖之水”），并将其用于酿酒，创造出新的产业（高头豆酒）和经济价值。这体现了对地方自然资源的深刻认知和开发利用能力，以及跨地域的技术交流与融合（将绍兴酿酒技术与本地水源结合）。屈大均命名“酿溪”更是对此的文化肯定。
- 商业繁荣与社会生活：通过贩卖水果、种苗和酒，陈村吸引了大量客商（“南北估”），居民生活富裕（“致豪华”）。诗歌描绘了渔舟穿梭花丛、家家种树的田园牧歌景象，但也点明了其背后繁荣的商业活动。这反映了专业化农业和手工业带来的乡村繁荣景象。
总而言之，“陈村”条目不仅是一份地方物产和风貌的记录，更是一个展现清初珠三角水乡经济活力、民间精湛技艺、资源巧妙利用和区域特色文化形成的典型案例。
关键词
陈村, 顺德, 水乡, 龙眼, 荔枝, 岭南佳果, 园艺, 场师, 嫁接技术, 种苗, 花木, 水松, 酿酒, 高头豆酒, 酿溪, 鉴湖, 绍兴, 水质, 特色农业, 商品经济, 民间技术, 《广东新语》, 屈大均