原文

南澳在饶平东南二百里，盖海中之山，而潮之边幅，全粤之东蔽也。地周三百余里，中分四澳。东折为青澳，风涛险恶，泊舟者患之。西折为深澳，环以黄、赤二屿，一口裁通，可容千〈木穸〉。而隆澳其门户也。其曰钱澳，则宋帝所尝驻跸。是为四澳。钱澳有洲曰辞郎，景炎元年，帝舟迁于甲子门，邑人张达率义徒扈从，其妻陈璧娘送之至此，故曰辞郎。其名甚悲，夫妇之义，盖与此洲而长存焉。洲之青径口，有陆丞相疑墓及丞相母赵氏太夫人墓、少子九郎墓。周弘禴诗：“身死厓山勤少帝，魂归南澳恋慈闱。”是也。其曰沙园者，有学士馆遗基，莲花石磉高丈许。海涯有太子楼，垒石为之，旁有行宫及指挥司甬道。区区尺土，在波涛浩渺之中，为闽越闰余地，天偶忘之，故患难君臣得以相保须臾耳。噫！

白话

中文

南澳岛位于饶平县东南方向二百里处，大概是海中的一座山，它是潮州地区的边界屏障，也是整个广东东部的天然屏障。岛屿周长三百多里，中间分为四个澳（海湾或港口）。向东弯折的是青澳，风高浪急，十分险恶，停泊船只的人都害怕那里。向西弯折的是深澳，被黄屿、赤屿两座小岛环绕，只有一个狭窄的出口，可以容纳上千艘船只。而隆澳则是深澳的门户。其中叫做钱澳的地方，是南宋皇帝曾经驻扎停留过的地方。这就是所谓的四个澳。钱澳附近有个小沙洲叫“辞郎洲”。南宋景炎元年（公元1276年），皇帝的船队迁移到甲子门去，当地人张达率领义兵护卫随行，他的妻子陈璧娘到这里送别丈夫，所以这个沙洲得名“辞郎”。这个名字非常悲伤，夫妻间的忠贞情义，大概就和这个沙洲一起永远存在了。辞郎洲的青径口附近，有据说是陆秀夫丞相的坟墓，以及丞相母亲赵氏太夫人的墓、丞相小儿子九郎的墓。周弘禴的诗写道：“身躯在崖山为护卫少帝而死，灵魂回到南澳是依恋母亲的坟。”说的就是这件事。岛上叫做沙园的地方，有宋代学士馆的遗址地基，留有莲花状的石柱础高达一丈左右。海边还有一座太子楼，是用石头堆砌而成的，旁边有行宫和指挥司衙门通道的遗迹。这小小的一片土地，处于浩渺的波涛之中，是福建和广东之间一块多余的边缘之地，好像老天偶尔忘记了它的存在，所以才使得患难中的君臣能够在这里得到片刻的安身啊。唉！

英文

Nan'ao Island is located 200 li southeast of Raoping County. It is essentially a mountain amidst the sea, serving as the border defense for the Chaozhou region and the eastern shield for all of Guangdong. The island has a circumference of over 300 li and is divided into four "Aos" (bays or harbors). To the east lies Qing'ao, known for its perilous winds and waves, feared by those anchoring boats. To the west is Shen'ao, encircled by the Huang and Chi islets, with only a narrow entrance capable of accommodating a thousand vessels. Long'ao serves as its gateway. The place called Qian'ao is where a Song Dynasty emperor once stayed. These constitute the four Aos. Near Qian'ao, there is an islet called Cilang Zhou ("Farewell to Husband Islet"). In the first year of the Jingyan era (1276 CE), when the emperor's fleet moved to Jiazi Men, a local man named Zhang Da led volunteer soldiers to escort him. His wife, Chen Bi'niang, saw him off here, hence the islet's name. The name is deeply sorrowful; the loyalty and righteousness between husband and wife perhaps endure eternally with this islet. Near Qingjingkou on the islet, there is the suspected tomb of Chancellor Lu Xiufu, as well as the tomb of his mother, Lady Zhao, and the tomb of his youngest son, Jiulang. Zhou Hongyue's poem reads: "His body died at Yamen serving the young emperor diligently; his soul returned to Nan'ao yearning for his mother's abode." This refers to this matter. In the area called Shayuan, there are the foundations of a Song Dynasty Scholar's Hall (Xueshi Guan), with lotus-shaped stone plinths standing about ten feet tall. By the seashore stands the Prince's Tower (Taizi Lou), built of stacked stones, with remnants of an Imperial Traveling Palace (Xinggong) and a pathway from the Commandery Office (Zhihuisi) nearby. This tiny piece of land, amidst the vast, turbulent waves, was a marginal, leftover space between Fujian and Guangdong, seemingly forgotten by Heaven. Thus, the monarch and ministers in distress could find momentary safety here. Alas!

文化解读/分析

此条目记述了南澳岛的地理形势、历史遗迹及其承载的南宋末年历史记忆，具有多重文化意义：

1. 地理与军事价值：点明南澳岛作为“海中之山”，是潮州乃至广东东部的海上屏障，具有重要的战略地位。对岛上四澳（青澳、深澳、隆澳、钱澳）及其特点（险恶、隐蔽、容船量大）的描述，体现了其作为港口和军事据点的价值。
2. 南宋遗迹与历史见证：南澳岛是南宋末年宋端宗、陆秀夫等君臣海上流亡的重要一站。条目中提及的钱澳（帝昺驻跸地）、辞郎洲（张达夫妇忠义故事发生地）、陆秀夫疑墓及其母、子墓葬、学士馆遗址、太子楼、行宫遗迹等，都是这段悲壮历史的实物载体和空间印记。这些遗迹的存在，使南澳岛成为凭吊南宋末年历史、缅怀忠臣义士的重要场所。
3. 地方传说与民俗文化：“辞郎洲”的命名传说，通过张达、陈璧娘夫妇的故事，生动展现了乱世中小人物的忠君爱国情怀与夫妻间的生离死别，具有浓厚的悲剧色彩和道德教化意义，成为当地重要的文化叙事和地名由来传说。周弘禴的诗句则反映了后人对陆秀夫忠孝两全（“勤少帝”、“恋慈闱”）形象的塑造与认同。
4. 屈大均的遗民情结与感慨：作为明末遗民，屈大均在记述南宋君臣在南澳短暂喘息的历史时，流露出深切的同情和感慨。他将南澳形容为“闽越闰余地”、“天偶忘之”，认为这块“区区尺土”是上天偶然遗忘才得以让“患难君臣得以相保须臾”，字里行间充满了对故国（南宋，实则影射明朝）覆亡的哀痛和对忠烈遭遇的惋惜。文末一声“噫！”，饱含无限悲凉与历史沧桑感，是他遗民心态的又一次深刻流露。
5. 文化地标与认同：这些历史遗迹和相关传说，共同构成了南澳岛独特的文化景观，塑造了地方认同感，使南澳不仅是一个地理单元，更是一个承载着国破家亡、忠烈节义等厚重历史记忆的文化符号。

关键词

南澳、饶平、潮州、广东、海岛、青澳、深澳、隆澳、钱澳、辞郎洲、南宋、宋端宗、景炎、陆秀夫、张达、陈璧娘、疑墓、赵氏太夫人、学士馆、太子楼、行宫、遗址、忠义、夫妻情义、海上流亡、屈大均、遗民情结、周弘禴