原文
自英德南山寺,沿城西北行,一路清溪细流,随人萦折。路皆青石甃砌,泉水浸之,人家各依小阜以居。茅屋周围,有石笋千百丛,与古木长松相乱。草柔沙细,水影如空,薪女露趺,乱流争涉,行者莫不踟蹰其际。行数十里至洸口,山渐平豁。湛文简尝欲于此立石,刻衡岳东门,以识重游之路。有诗云:“洸口寻常路口,岂知衡岳东门。”洸口为南楚咽喉,湟川、桂水之所会,宋设浛洸县于此,米芾尝为尉,有“宝藏”二大字刻石在焉。自洸口而上,皆高滩曲峡,直至连州,山水之最胜处也。
白话
中文
从英德县的南山寺出发,沿着城墙向西北方向走,一路上有清澈的小溪细流,随着行人的脚步蜿蜒曲折。道路都用青石铺砌,被泉水浸润着。人家各自依傍着小山丘居住。茅草屋的周围,有成百上千丛石笋般的奇石,与古老的树木和高大的松树交错在一起。青草柔软,沙滩细腻,水面倒映着天空,如同虚空一般。打柴的女子赤着脚踝,在交错的水流中争相渡过,路过的行人无不在此流连徘徊。行走几十里后到达洸口,山势逐渐变得平缓开阔。湛若水(号文简)曾经想在这里立一块石碑,刻上“衡岳东门”四个字,作为将来重游此地的标记。他有诗写道:“洸口看似寻常路口,谁知竟是衡山的东大门。”洸口是古代南楚地区的交通要道,是湟水和桂水汇合的地方。宋朝曾在此设立浛洸县,米芾曾经担任过县尉,有他题写的“宝藏”两个大字刻在石头上。从洸口再往上游走,都是高耸的险滩和曲折的峡谷,一直延伸到连州,是山水风光最为秀美的地方。
英文
Starting from Nanshan Temple in Yingde County and heading northwest along the city wall, one encounters clear streams and rivulets meandering along the path. The roads are paved with bluestone, moistened by spring water. Houses are nestled against small hills. Around the thatched cottages, thousands of stalagmite-like rock formations mingle with ancient trees and tall pines. The grass is soft, the sand fine, and the water reflects the sky as if empty. Firewood-gathering women, with bare ankles, wade across the turbulent streams, and travelers invariably linger at the sight. After traveling several tens of li, one reaches Guangkou, where the mountains gradually level out and open up. Zhan Ruoshui (styled Wenjian) once intended to erect a stone tablet here, inscribed with "East Gate of Mount Heng," to mark the route for future visits. He wrote a poem: "Guangkou, an ordinary crossing, who knew it's Hengshan's East Gate." Guangkou serves as a crucial passage in the southern Chu region, where the Huang River and Gui River converge. The Song Dynasty established Hanguang County here, and Mi Fu once served as its Commandant (Wei); his inscription of the two large characters "宝藏" (Bao Zang - Precious Treasury) is carved on a rock there. Upstream from Guangkou, all the way to Lianzhou, lie high shoals and winding gorges, constituting the most scenic landscape in the area.
文化解读/分析
此条目不仅描绘了从英德至洸口一带的秀丽自然风光,更融入了丰富的人文历史信息,体现了屈大均对地理、历史、人文的综合记述能力。
- 景物描写生动细腻:作者细致描绘了清溪、石路、泉水、民居、石笋、古木、柔草、细沙、水影,以及“薪女露趺,乱流争涉”的动态画面,构成一幅宁静而富有生气的山水田园图,具有很高的审美价值,反映了传统文人对自然风光的欣赏情趣。
- 历史人文积淀深厚:提及湛若水欲立“衡岳东门”石碑于洸口,并引其诗句,不仅点明了洸口地理位置的重要性(被视为进入南岳衡山地域的门户),也记录了明代大儒湛若水的行迹和对此地的评价。同时,记载了宋代在此设浛洸县,以及著名书法家、画家米芾曾任县尉并留下“宝藏”题刻的史实,大大提升了此地的历史文化分量。这些记述为后人研究地方史、名人踪迹提供了线索。
- 地理要冲地位凸显:明确指出洸口是“南楚咽喉”,湟水、桂水交汇处,点明其在古代交通和地理格局中的战略地位。同时,描述了从洸口上溯至连州的山水形胜,勾勒出粤北主要水道的地理风貌。
- 文旅价值启示:屈大均笔下的洸口及其沿途风光,展现了该区域作为旅游目的地的潜力。他描述的景致和提及的古迹,至今仍是重要的文化旅游资源。其“行者莫不踟蹰其际”的描写,暗示了此地风光对行人的吸引力。
关键词
广东新语, 屈大均, 地语, 洸口, 英德, 南山寺, 风景描写, 田园风光, 薪女, 湛若水, 衡岳东门, 米芾, 宝藏, 浛洸县, 宋代, 湟川, 桂水, 连州, 地理要冲, 人文历史