原文

广州南岸有大洲，周回五六十里，江水四环，名河南。人以为在珠江之南，故曰河南，非也。汉章帝时，南海有杨孚者，举贤良，对策上第，拜议郎。其家在珠江南，常移雒阳松柏种宅前，隆冬蜚雪盈树，人皆异之，因目其所居曰河南，河南之得名，自孚始。岭南天暖无雪，而孚之松柏独有雪，气之所召，无间远迩。雪其为松柏来耶，为孚来耶？予诗云："能将北雪为南雪，为有苍苍自雒来。松柏至今虽已尽，花田尝见雪花开。"花田者，河南有三十二村，旧多素馨，花时弥望如雪，故云。

孚字孝元，其宅在河南下渡头村。越本无雪，至是乃降于孚所种雒阳五鬛松上，可谓异矣。唐许浑诗："河畔雪飞杨子宅，海边花发粤王台。"有张琼者，尝掘地种蒌，得一砖云杨孝元宅。琼异之，因号南雪。

白话

中文

广州南边江岸有一片大沙洲，方圆大约五六十里，四面被江水环绕，名叫“河南”。人们以为它因为地处珠江之南，所以叫做河南，其实不是这样。汉章帝（公元75-88年在位）时期，南海郡有个人叫杨孚，被推举为贤良方正，在回答皇帝策问时成绩优异，被任命为议郎。他家住在珠江南岸，曾经把洛阳的松树和柏树移植栽种在住宅前。到了隆冬时节，竟然有雪花飞舞，落满了树枝，人们都感到非常奇异，于是就把他居住的地方称为“河南”。“河南”这个地名的由来，是从杨孚开始的。岭南地区天气暖和没有雪，唯独杨孚种的松柏树上有雪，这是祥瑞之气感召的结果，不论远近都会显现。这雪是为了松柏而来呢，还是为了杨孚而来呢？我（屈大均）曾作诗说：“能将北方的雪变成南方的雪，是因为有那苍翠的树木从洛阳移来。松柏如今虽然已经不在了，但在花田里还常常看见像雪一样的素馨花盛开。”所谓花田，是指河南地区有三十二个村落，过去多种植素馨花，开花时节远远望去像雪一样，所以这样说。

杨孚字孝元，他的住宅在河南地区的下渡头村。古越地（岭南）本来不下雪，这时却降雪在杨孚所种的来自洛阳的五针松上，可以说是奇事了。唐代诗人许浑有诗句：“河畔雪飞杨子宅，海边花发粤王台。”（意为：河南岸杨孚宅邸前曾有雪花飞舞，海边的南越王台上百花盛开。）曾有个叫张琼的人，在挖地种植蒌叶时，挖到一块砖，上面刻着“杨孝元宅”。张琼觉得这事很奇异，于是给自己取号叫“南雪”。

英文

On the south bank of the river in Guangzhou, there is a large island, about fifty or sixty li in circumference, surrounded by river water, named "Henan" (South of the River). People assume it's called Henan because it is located south of the Pearl River, but this is incorrect. During the reign of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty (r. 75-88 CE), there was a man from Nanhai Commandery named Yang Fu. He was recommended as "Virtuous and Upright" (Xianliang Fangzheng) and excelled in the policy examination, subsequently being appointed as a Court Gentleman for Consultation (Yilang). His home was south of the Pearl River. He once transplanted pine and cypress trees from Luoyang (the Han capital) and planted them in front of his residence. In the depths of winter, snowflakes surprisingly flew and covered the trees. Everyone found this extraordinary, and thus they began calling the place where he lived "Henan." The origin of the name "Henan" starts with Yang Fu. The Lingnan region has a warm climate with no snow, yet only Yang Fu's pines and cypresses had snow. This was induced by auspicious energy (qi), which manifests regardless of distance. Did the snow come for the pines and cypresses, or did it come for Yang Fu? I (Qu Dajun) once wrote a poem: "Able to turn northern snow into southern snow, because the verdant trees came from Luoyang. Though the pines and cypresses are now gone, in the flower fields, one often sees 'snow flowers' bloom." The "flower fields" refer to the thirty-two villages in the Henan area, which formerly grew many Arabian jasmine (suxin) flowers; when they bloomed, they looked like snow from afar, hence the description.

Yang Fu's style name was Xiaoyuan, and his residence was in Xiadutou Village in the Henan area. The ancient Yue lands (Lingnan) originally had no snow, but at that time, snow fell on the five-needle pines Yang Fu had planted from Luoyang, which can be called a marvel. The Tang Dynasty poet Xu Hun wrote the lines: "By the riverbank, snow flies at Master Yang's residence; by the seashore, flowers bloom at the Yue King's Terrace." There was once a man named Zhang Qiong who, while digging the ground to plant betel leaves (louye), unearthed a brick inscribed with "Yang Xiaoyuan's Residence." Zhang Qiong found this strange and consequently adopted the sobriquet "Nan Xue" (Southern Snow).

文化解读/分析

此条目主要阐述了广州“河南”（今海珠区一带）地名的由来及其相关的文化传说，具有以下几方面的意义：

1. 地名源流考证：屈大均明确指出广州“河南”并非简单因地处珠江南岸而得名，而是源自东汉南海郡贤人杨孚的典故。这为地方史研究提供了重要线索，纠正了当时可能存在的普遍误解，体现了作者严谨的考据精神。
2. 祥瑞文化与人物褒扬：杨孚宅前松柏降雪的传说，是典型的祥瑞叙事。在传统文化中，反常的自然现象（如无雪之地降雪）常被解读为上天对有德之人的嘉奖或某种预兆。“气之所召，无间远迩”的解释，将自然现象与人的德行联系起来，神化了杨孚这位乡贤，也反映了天人感应的思想。这种叙事有助于提升地方声望和文化认同感。
3. 历史记忆的流传与物证：从汉代杨孚的传说，到唐代许浑诗歌的引用（“河畔雪飞杨子宅”），再到屈大均时代张琼掘地得砖并自号“南雪”的轶事，清晰地展示了这一文化记忆的传承脉络。诗歌和出土的砖刻作为物证或旁证，增强了传说的可信度，使其在地方上深入人心。
4. 地方风物与意象转换：文中巧妙地将杨孚宅前的“真雪”与河南地区盛产的素馨花（“花田”）联系起来，称其花开时“弥望如雪”。这既点明了河南地区的另一项地理或物产特征（曾广植素馨），也通过“雪”这一意象的转换，丰富了地名的文化内涵，将短暂的祥瑞奇迹与持久的地方风物联系在一起。
5. 岭南文化独特性：强调“岭南天暖无雪”的背景，更突显了杨孚宅前降雪的奇异性，也间接反映了岭南独特的亚热带气候特征。将来自中原（洛阳）的松柏与本地风土相结合，并产生奇异现象，也隐喻了中原文化在岭南的传播与融合过程中的某些特殊性。

总而言之，“河南”条目通过一个地名的由来，串联起历史人物、祥瑞传说、诗歌引用、考古发现和地方风物，是研究广州地方史、地名文化、民间信仰以及岭南文化特质的宝贵材料。

关键词

河南 (广州), 海珠区, 地名由来, 杨孚, 杨孝元, 祥瑞, 降雪传说, 洛阳松柏, 天人感应, 许浑, 素馨花, 花田, 下渡头村, 广州历史, 岭南文化, 《广东新语》, 屈大均