原文

下番禺诸乡，岁正月初旬，儿童先集山野间，以拳棒相角，谓之打仔。已而壮者蜂拥至助之，以胜负卜其乡一岁之兴衰。阳江县西有厮打冈，岁五月五日，乡人无老少咸集奋斗，谓胜则一方吉利，此亦吴俗斗力之戏。各料强弱相敌，事类讲武，然非礼让之风也，宜禁。

白话

中文

在番禺县的各个乡村，每年正月初的时候，孩子们先聚集在山间野外，用拳头和木棒互相较量，这叫做“打仔”。不久之后，年轻人也蜂拥而至帮助他们，通过打斗的胜负来占卜村子这一年的兴盛或衰败。在阳江县西边有个叫“厮打冈”的地方，每年五月初五（端午节），村里不论老少都聚集在那里互相争斗，认为获胜的一方就能得到吉祥顺利，这也是一种类似古代吴地风俗中比试力气的游戏。参与者各自估量对手的强弱来对抗，形式上类似于军事演练，但这并非崇尚礼仪谦让的风气，应该禁止。

英文

In the villages of Panyu County, during the early days of the first lunar month each year, children first gather in the mountains and fields, competing with fists and sticks. This is called "Da Zai" (打仔, literally "hitting boys"). Soon after, young adults swarm in to assist them. The outcome of the fight is used to divine the fortune (prosperity or decline) of their village for the year. In the west of Yangjiang County, there is a place called "Si Da Gang" (厮打冈, Fighting Hill). Every year on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month (Dragon Boat Festival), villagers, regardless of age, gather there to fight. It is believed that the winning side will bring good fortune and prosperity to their area. This is also a type of strength-competing game similar to the customs in the ancient Wu region. Participants gauge each other's strength to compete, resembling military exercises. However, this does not align with the spirit of etiquette and deference, and should be prohibited.

文化解读/分析

“打仔”是清初广东部分地区存在的一种带有竞技和占卜性质的民俗活动。它通常在特定的节日（如正月或端午）举行，最初由儿童发起，随后成年人加入，规模扩大。这种活动的核心在于通过集体性的模拟战斗或力气比拼来预测社群（村庄）未来一年的运势，胜者被认为能带来吉利。这反映了传统农业社会中人们对于年运丰歉、社群兴衰的普遍关切，并试图通过某种仪式性的方式来预知或影响未来。屈大均将其与古代的“吴俗斗力之戏”和“讲武”（军事演练）相类比，指出了其包含的竞技和模拟战斗的性质。然而，他也明确表达了批判态度，认为这种活动“非礼让之风”，缺乏儒家所倡导的礼仪和谦让精神，主张予以禁止。这体现了作者作为儒家知识分子的立场，同时也记录了当时岭南地区一种粗犷尚武、带有原始信仰色彩的民间习俗。

关键词

打仔, 广东新语, 屈大均, 民俗, 番禺, 阳江, 正月, 端午节, 儿童游戏, 斗力, 占卜, 讲武, 清代, 岭南文化